04 Operacions amb funcions

Les funcions amb les que haurem de treballar son:

\(f(x)=\displaystyle\frac{x^2-2}{x+1}\)       \(g(x)=\displaystyle\frac{x}{x^2-1}\)       \(h(x)=\displaystyle\frac{x^2}{x-3}\)       \(k(x)=\sqrt{x-1}\)

pàg. 183
7 A partir de les funcion \(f\) i \(k\), escriu l'expressió algèbrica de les funcions \(\displaystyle\frac{1}{f}\), \(\displaystyle\frac{1}{k}\), \(\displaystyle\frac{1}{-f}\) i \(-\displaystyle\frac{1}{k}\). Esbrina'n el domini.
7
\(\left(\displaystyle\frac{1}{f}\right)(x)=\displaystyle\frac{1}{f(x)}=\displaystyle\frac{x+1}{x^2-2}\)       \( \begin{array}{rl} D_{\frac{1}{f}} &=\left\{x\in\mathbb{R}\mid x^2-2\neq0\right\}\\ &=\left\{x\in\mathbb{R}\mid x\neq-\sqrt{2} \land x\neq+\sqrt{2} \right\}\\ &=\mathbb{R}-\left\{-\sqrt{2},+\sqrt{2}\right\}\\ &=(-\infty,-\sqrt{2})\cup(-\sqrt{2},+\sqrt{2})\cup(+\sqrt{2},+\infty) \end{array} \)
\(\left(\displaystyle\frac{1}{k}\right)(x)=\displaystyle\frac{1}{k(x)}=\displaystyle\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-1}}\) \( \begin{array}{rl} D_{\frac{1}{k}} &=\left\{x\in\mathbb{R}\mid \sqrt{x-1}\neq0\land x-1\geq0\right\}\\ &=\left\{x\in\mathbb{R}\mid x-1>0\right\}\\ &=\left\{x\in\mathbb{R}\mid x>1 \right\}\\ &=(1,+\infty) \end{array} \)
\(\left(\displaystyle\frac{1}{-f}\right)(x)=\displaystyle\frac{1}{-f(x)}=\displaystyle\frac{x+1}{2-x^2}\)       \( \begin{array}{rl} D_{\frac{1}{-f}} &=\left\{x\in\mathbb{R}\mid 2-x^2\neq0\right\}\\ &=\left\{x\in\mathbb{R}\mid x\neq-\sqrt{2} \land x\neq+\sqrt{2} \right\}\\ &=\mathbb{R}-\left\{-\sqrt{2},+\sqrt{2}\right\}\\ &=(-\infty,-\sqrt{2})\cup(-\sqrt{2},+\sqrt{2})\cup(+\sqrt{2},+\infty)\\ &=D_{\frac{1}{f}} \end{array} \)
\(\left(-\displaystyle\frac{1}{k}\right)(x)=-\displaystyle\frac{1}{k(x)}=-\displaystyle\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-1}}\) \( \begin{array}{rl} D_{-\frac{1}{k}} &=\left\{x\in\mathbb{R}\mid \sqrt{x-1}\neq0\land x-1\geq0\right\}\\ &=\left\{x\in\mathbb{R}\mid x-1>0\right\}\\ &=\left\{x\in\mathbb{R}\mid x>1 \right\}\\ &=(1,+\infty)\\ &=D_{\frac{1}{k}} \end{array} \)



8 Donades les funcions \(f(x)=\displaystyle\frac{2x-4}{x+3}\) i \(g(x)=\displaystyle\frac{x+2}{3x-9}\), determina l'expressió de les funcions \(\displaystyle\frac{f}{g}\), \(\displaystyle\frac{g}{f}\), \(\displaystyle\frac{\displaystyle\frac{1}{f}}{g}\) i \(\displaystyle\frac{\displaystyle\frac{1}{g}}{f}\) i esbrina'n el domini.
8
\( \left(\displaystyle\frac{f}{g}\right)(x)=\displaystyle\frac{f(x)}{g(x)} =f(x):g(x) =\displaystyle\frac{2x-4}{x+3}:\displaystyle\frac{x+2}{3x-9} =\displaystyle\frac{6(x-2)(x-3)}{(x+3)(x+2)} \)
\[ \begin{array}{rl} D_{\frac{f}{g}}&=\left\{x\in\mathbb{R}\mid x\neq-3 \land x\neq-2 \right\}\\ &=\mathbb{R} - \left\{-3,-2\right\}\\ &=(-\infty,-3)\cup(-3,-2)\cup(-2,+\infty) \end{array} \]

\( \left(\displaystyle\frac{g}{f}\right)(x)=\displaystyle\frac{g(x)}{f(x)} =g(x):f(x) =\displaystyle\frac{x+2}{3x-9}:\displaystyle\frac{2x-4}{x+3} =\displaystyle\frac{x+3)(x+2)}{6(x-2)(x-3)}\)
\[ \begin{array}{rl} D_{\frac{g}{f}}&=\left\{x\in\mathbb{R}\mid x\neq2 \land x\neq3 \right\}\\ &=\mathbb{R} - \left\{2,3\right\}\\ &=(-\infty,2)\cup(2,3)\cup(3,+\infty) \end{array} \]

\( \left(\displaystyle\frac{\displaystyle\frac{1}{f}}{g}\right)(x) =\displaystyle\frac{\displaystyle\frac{1}{f(x)}}{g(x)} =(1:f(x)):g(x) =\displaystyle\frac{1}{f(x)\cdot g(x)} =\displaystyle\frac{(x+3)(3x-9)}{(2x-4)(x+2)} \)
\[ \begin{array}{rl} D_{\frac{\frac{1}{f}}{g}}&=\left\{x\in\mathbb{R}\mid x\neq-2 \land x\neq2 \right\}\\ &=\mathbb{R} - \left\{-2,+2\right\}\\ &=(-\infty,-2)\cup(-2,+2)\cup(+2,+\infty) \end{array} \]

\( \left(\displaystyle\frac{\displaystyle\frac{1}{g}}{f}\right)(x) =\displaystyle\frac{\displaystyle\frac{1}{g(x)}}{f(x)} =(1:g(x)):f(x) =\displaystyle\frac{1}{g(x)\cdot f(x)} =\displaystyle\frac{(x+3)(3x-9)}{(2x-4)(x+2)} \)
\[ \begin{array}{rl} D_{\frac{\frac{1}{g}}{f}}&=\left\{x\in\mathbb{R}\mid x\neq-2 \land x\neq2 \right\}\\ &=\mathbb{R} - \left\{-2,+2\right\}\\ &=(-\infty,-2)\cup(-2,+2)\cup(+2,+\infty) \end{array} \]

Òbviament: \[\frac{\displaystyle\frac{1}{f}}{g}=\frac{\displaystyle\frac{1}{g}}{f}=\displaystyle\frac{1}{f\cdot g}\]










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